Srimad Bhagawad Gita Chapter 1

Gita

tap any word for its meaning

  • verse 1
    श्री परमात्मने नमःअथ प्रथमोऽध्यायःअर्जुनविषादयोगः

    ōṃ śrī paramātmanē namaḥatha prathamō'dhyāyaḥarjunaviṣādayōgaḥ
    meaning

    [Header/invocation] Oṃ — salutation to the Supreme Self; now begins the first chapter: Arjunaviṣādayōga.

  • verse 2
    धृतराष्ट्र उवाचधर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवःमामकाः पाण्डवाश्चैव किमकुर्वत सञ्जय1

    dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāchadharmakṣētrē kurukṣētrē samavētā yuyutsavaḥmāmakāḥ pāṇḍavāśchaiva kimakurvata sañjaya1
    meaning

    On the holy plain, on the field of Kuru, gathered together, eager for battle, what did they, O Sanjaya, my people and the Pândavas?

  • verse 3
    सञ्जय उवाचदृष्ट्वा तु पाण्डवानीकं व्यूढं दुर्योधनस्तदाआचार्यमुपसङ्गम्य राजा वचनमब्रवीत्2

    sañjaya uvāchadṛṣṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkaṃ vyūḍhaṃ duryōdhanastadāāchāryamupasaṅgamya rājā vachanamabravīt2
    meaning

    Having seen arrayed the army of the Pândavas, the Prince Duryodhana approached his teacher, and spake these words:

  • verse 4
    पश्यैतां पाण्डुपुत्राणामाचार्य महतीं चमूम्व्यूढां द्रुपदपुत्रेण तव शिष्येण धीमता3

    paśyaitāṃ pāṇḍuputrāṇāmāchārya mahatīṃ chamūmvyūḍhāṃ drupadaputrēṇa tava śiṣyēṇa dhīmatā3
    meaning

    "Behold this mighty host of the sons of Pându, O teacher, arrayed by the son of Drupada, thy wise disciple.

  • verse 5
    अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भीमार्जुनसमा युधियुयुधानो विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः4

    atra śūrā mahēṣvāsā bhīmārjunasamā yudhiyuyudhānō virāṭaścha drupadaścha mahārathaḥ4
    meaning

    Heroes are these, mighty bowmen, to Bhîma and Arjuna equal in battle: Yuyudhâna, Virâta, and Drupada of the great car.

  • verse 6
    धृष्टकेतुश्चेकितानः काशिराजश्च वीर्यवान्पुरुजित्कुन्तिभोजश्च शैब्यश्च नरपुङ्गवः5

    dhṛṣṭakētuśchēkitānaḥ kāśirājaścha vīryavānpurujitkuntibhōjaścha śaibyaścha narapuṅgavaḥ5
    meaning

    Drishtaketu, Chekitâna and the valiant King of Kâshi, Purujit and Kuntibhoja, and Shaivya, bull among men;

  • verse 7
    युधामन्युश्च विक्रान्त उत्तमौजाश्च वीर्यवान्सौभद्रो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्व एव महारथाः6

    yudhāmanyuścha vikrānta uttamaujāścha vīryavānsaubhadrō draupadēyāścha sarva ēva mahārathāḥ6
    meaning

    Yudhâmanyu the strong, and Uttamaujas the brave; Saubhadra and the Draupadeyas, all of great cars.

  • verse 8
    अस्माकं तु विशिष्टा ये तान्निबोध द्विजोत्तमनायका मम सैन्यस्य सञ्ज्ञार्थं तान्ब्रवीमि ते7

    asmākaṃ tu viśiṣṭā tānnibōdha dvijōttamanāyakā mama sainyasya sañjñārthaṃ tānbravīmi 7
    meaning

    Know further all those who are our chiefs, O best of the twice-born, the leaders of my army; these I name to thee for thy information:

  • verse 9
    भवान्भीष्मश्च कर्णश्च कृपश्च समितिञ्जयःअश्वत्थामा विकर्णश्च सौमदत्तिस्तथैव 8

    bhavānbhīṣmaścha karṇaścha kṛpaścha samitiñjayaḥaśvatthāmā vikarṇaścha saumadattistathaiva cha8
    meaning

    Thou, Lord, and Bhîshma, and Karna and Kripa, conquering in battle; Ashvatthâmâ, Vikarna, and Saumadatti also;

  • verse 10
    अन्ये बहवः शूरा मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताःनानाशस्त्रप्रहरणाः सर्वे युद्धविशारदाः9

    anyē cha bahavaḥ śūrā madarthē tyaktajīvitāḥnānāśastrapraharaṇāḥ sarvē yuddhaviśāradāḥ9
    meaning

    And many others, heroes, for my sake renouncing their lives, with divers weapons and missiles, and all well-skilled in war.

  • verse 11
    अपर्याप्तं तदस्माकं बलं भीष्माभिरक्षितम्पर्याप्तं त्विदमेतेषां बलं भीमाभिरक्षितम्10

    aparyāptaṃ tadasmākaṃ balaṃ bhīṣmābhirakṣitamparyāptaṃ tvidamētēṣāṃ balaṃ bhīmābhirakṣitam10
    meaning

    Yet insufficient seems this army of ours, though marshalled by Bhîshma, while that army of theirs seems sufficient, though marshalled by Bhîma;

  • verse 12
    अयनेषु सर्वेषु यथाभागमवस्थिताःभीष्ममेवाभिरक्षन्तु भवन्तः सर्व एव हि11

    ayanēṣu cha sarvēṣu yathābhāgamavasthitāḥbhīṣmamēvābhirakṣantu bhavantaḥ sarva ēva hi11
    meaning

    Therefore in the rank and file let all, standing firmly in their respective divisions, guard Bhîshma, even all ye generals.

  • verse 13
    तस्य सञ्जनयन्हर्षं कुरुवृद्धः पितामहःसिंहनादं विनद्योच्चैः शङ्खं दध्मौ प्रतापवान्12

    tasya sañjanayanharṣaṃ kuruvṛddhaḥ pitāmahaḥsiṃhanādaṃ vinadyōchchaiḥ śaṅkhaṃ dadhmau pratāpavān12
    meaning

    To enhearten him, the Ancient of the Kurus, the Grandsire, the glorious, blew his conch, sounding on high a lion's roar.

  • verse 14
    ततः शङ्खाश्च भेर्यश्च पणवानकगोमुखाःसहसैवाभ्यहन्यन्त शब्दस्तुमुलोऽभवत्13

    tataḥ śaṅkhāścha bhēryaścha paṇavānakagōmukhāḥsahasaivābhyahanyanta sa śabdastumulō'bhavat13
    meaning

    Then conches and kettledrums, tabors and drums and cowhorns, suddenly blared forth, and the sound was tumultuous.

  • verse 15
    ततः श्वेतैर्हयैर्युक्ते महति स्यन्दने स्थितौमाधवः पाण्डवश्चैव दिव्यौ शङ्खौ प्रदघ्मतुः14

    tataḥ śvētairhayairyuktē mahati syandanē sthitaumādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaśchaiva divyau śaṅkhau pradaghmatuḥ14
    meaning

    Then, stationed in their great war-chariot, yoked to white horses, Mâdhava and the son of Pându blew their divine conches.

  • verse 16
    पाञ्चजन्यं हृषीकेशो देवदत्तं धनञ्जयःपौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः15

    pāñchajanyaṃ hṛṣīkēśō dēvadattaṃ dhanañjayaḥpauṇḍraṃ dadhmau mahāśaṅkhaṃ bhīmakarmā vṛkōdaraḥ15
    meaning

    Pânchajanya by Hrishîkesha, and Devadatta by Dhananjaya. Vrikodara of terrible deeds blew his mighty conch, Paundra;

  • verse 17
    अनन्तविजयं राजा कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरःनकुलः सहदेवश्च सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ16

    anantavijayaṃ rājā kuntīputrō yudhiṣṭhiraḥnakulaḥ sahadēvaścha sughōṣamaṇipuṣpakau16
    meaning

    The King Yudhishthira, the son of Kuntî, blew Anantavijaya; Nakula and Sahadeva, Sughosha and Manipushpaka.

  • verse 18
    काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी महारथःधृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः17

    kāśyaścha paramēṣvāsaḥ śikhaṇḍī cha mahārathaḥdhṛṣṭadyumnō virāṭaścha sātyakiśchāparājitaḥ17
    meaning

    And Kâshya, of the great bow and Shikhandî, the mighty car-warrior, Drishtadyumna and Virâta and Sâtyaki, the unconquered.

  • verse 19
    द्रुपदो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्वशः पृथिवीपतेसौभद्रश्च महाबाहुः शङ्खान्दध्मुः पृथक्पृथक्18

    drupadō draupadēyāścha sarvaśaḥ pṛthivīpatēsaubhadraścha mahābāhuḥ śaṅkhāndadhmuḥ pṛthakpṛthak18
    meaning

    Drupada and the Draupadeyas, O Lord of earth, and Saubhadra, the mighty-armed, on all sides their several conches blew.

  • verse 20
    घोषो धार्तराष्ट्राणां हृदयानि व्यदारयत्नभश्च पृथिवीं चैव तुमुलो व्यनुनादयन्19

    sa ghōṣō dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ hṛdayāni vyadārayatnabhaścha pṛthivīṃ chaiva tumulō vyanunādayan19
    meaning

    That tumultuous uproar rent the hearts of the sons of Dhritarâshtra, filling the earth and sky with sound.

  • verse 21
    अथ व्यवस्थितान्दृष्ट्वा धार्तराष्ट्रान्कपिध्वजःप्रवृत्ते शस्त्रसम्पाते धनुरुद्यम्य पाण्डवः20

    atha vyavasthitāndṛṣṭvā dhārtarāṣṭrānkapidhvajaḥpravṛttē śastrasampātē dhanurudyamya pāṇḍavaḥ20
    meaning

    Then, beholding the sons of Dhritarâshtra standing arrayed, and flight of missiles about to begin, he whose crest is an ape, the son of Pându, took up his bow,

  • verse 22
    हृषीकेशं तदा वाक्यमिदमाह महीपतेअर्जुन उवाचसेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये रथं स्थापय मेऽच्युत21

    hṛṣīkēśaṃ tadā vākyamidamāha mahīpatēarjuna uvāchasēnayōrubhayōrmadhyē rathaṃ sthāpaya mē'chyuta21
    meaning

    In the midst, between the two armies, stay my chariot, O Achyuta,

  • verse 23
    यावदेतान्निरीक्षेऽहं योद्धुकामानवस्थितान्कैर्मया सह योद्धव्यमस्मिन्रणसमुद्यमे22

    yāvadētānnirīkṣē'haṃ yōddhukāmānavasthitānkairmayā saha yōddhavyamasminraṇasamudyamē22
    meaning

    That I may behold these standing, longing for battle, with whom I must strive in this outbreaking war,

  • verse 24
    योत्स्यमानानवेक्षेऽहं एतेऽत्र समागताःधार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्बुद्धेर्युद्धे प्रियचिकीर्षवः23

    yōtsyamānānavēkṣē'haṃ ya ētē'tra samāgatāḥdhārtarāṣṭrasya durbuddhēryuddhē priyachikīrṣavaḥ23
    meaning

    And gaze on those here gathered together ready to fight, desirous of pleasing in battle the evil-minded son of Dhritarâshtra.

  • verse 25
    सञ्जय उवाचएवमुक्तो हृषीकेशो गुडाकेशेन भारतसेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये स्थापयित्वा रथोत्तमम्24

    sañjaya uvāchaēvamuktō hṛṣīkēśō guḍākēśēna bhāratasēnayōrubhayōrmadhyē sthāpayitvā rathōttamam24
    meaning

    Thus addressed by Gudâkesha, Hrishîkesha, O Bhârata, having stayed that best of chariots in the midst, between the two armies,

  • verse 26
    भीष्मद्रोणप्रमुखतः सर्वेषां महीक्षिताम्उवाच पार्थ पश्यैतान्समवेतान्कुरूनिति25

    bhīṣmadrōṇapramukhataḥ sarvēṣāṃ cha mahīkṣitāmuvācha pārtha paśyaitānsamavētānkurūniti25
    meaning

    Over against Bhîshma, Drona and all the rulers of the world, said: "O Pârtha, behold these Kurus gathered together."

  • verse 27
    तत्रापश्यत्स्थितान्पार्थः पितॄनथ पितामहान्आचार्यान्मातुलान्भ्रातॄन्पुत्रान्पौत्रान्सखींस्तथा26

    tatrāpaśyatsthitānpārthaḥ pitṝnatha pitāmahānāchāryānmātulānbhrātṝnputrānpautrānsakhīṃstathā26
    meaning

    Then saw Pârtha standing there, uncles and grandfathers, teachers, mother's brothers, cousins, sons and grandsons, comrades,

  • verse 28
    श्वशुरान्सुहृदश्चैव सेनयोरुभयोरपितान्समीक्ष्य कौन्तेयः सर्वान्बन्धूनवस्थितान्27

    śvaśurānsuhṛdaśchaiva sēnayōrubhayōrapitānsamīkṣya sa kauntēyaḥ sarvānbandhūnavasthitān27
    meaning

    Fathers-in-law and benefactors also in both armies; seeing all these kinsmen thus standing arrayed, Kaunteya,

  • verse 29
    कृपया परयाविष्टो विषीदन्निदमब्रवीत्अर्जुन उवाचदृष्ट्वेमं स्वजनं कृष्ण युयुत्सुं समुपस्थितम्28

    kṛpayā parayāviṣṭō viṣīdannidamabravītarjuna uvāchadṛṣṭvēmaṃ svajanaṃ kṛṣṇa yuyutsuṃ samupasthitam28
    meaning

    Seeing these my kinsmen, O Krishna, arrayed, eager to fight,

  • verse 30
    सीदन्ति मम गात्राणि मुखं परिशुष्यतिवेपथुश्च शरीरे मे रोमहर्षश्च जायते29

    sīdanti mama gātrāṇi mukhaṃ cha pariśuṣyativēpathuścha śarīrē rōmaharṣaścha jāyatē29
    meaning

    My limbs fail and my mouth is parched, my body quivers, and my hair stands on end,

  • verse 31
    गाण्डीवं स्रंसते हस्तात्त्वक्चैव परिदह्यते शक्नोम्यवस्थातुं भ्रमतीव मे मनः30

    gāṇḍīvaṃ sraṃsatē hastāttvakchaiva paridahyatēna cha śaknōmyavasthātuṃ bhramatīva cha manaḥ30
    meaning

    Gândîva slips from my hand, and my skin burns all over, I am not able to stand, my mind is whirling,

  • verse 32
    निमित्तानि पश्यामि विपरीतानि केशव श्रेयोऽनुपश्यामि हत्वा स्वजनमाहवे31

    nimittāni cha paśyāmi viparītāni kēśavana cha śrēyō'nupaśyāmi hatvā svajanamāhavē31
    meaning

    And I see adverse omens, O Keshava. Nor do I foresee any advantage from slaying kinsmen in battle.

  • verse 33
    काङ्क्षे विजयं कृष्ण राज्यं सुखानि किं नो राज्येन गोविन्द किं भोगैर्जीवितेन वा32

    na kāṅkṣē vijayaṃ kṛṣṇa na cha rājyaṃ sukhāni chakiṃ rājyēna gōvinda kiṃ bhōgairjīvitēna 32
    meaning

    For I desire not victory, O Krishna, nor kingdom, nor pleasures; what is kingdom to us, O Govinda, what enjoyment or even life?

  • verse 34
    येषामर्थे काङ्क्षितं नो राज्यं भोगाः सुखानि इमेऽवस्थिता युद्धे प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा धनानि 33

    yēṣāmarthē kāṅkṣitaṃ rājyaṃ bhōgāḥ sukhāni chata imē'vasthitā yuddhē prāṇāṃstyaktvā dhanāni cha33
    meaning

    Those for whose sake we desire kingdom, enjoyments and pleasures, they stand here in battle, abandoning life and riches—

  • verse 35
    आचार्याः पितरः पुत्रास्तथैव पितामहाःमातुलाः श्वशुराः पौत्राः श्यालाः सम्बन्धिनस्तथा34

    āchāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrāstathaiva cha pitāmahāḥmātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ śyālāḥ sambandhinastathā34
    meaning

    Teachers, fathers, sons, as well as grandfathers,mother's brothers, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law, and other relatives.

  • verse 36
    एतान्न हन्तुमिच्छामि घ्नतोऽपि मधुसूदनअपि त्रैलोक्यराज्यस्य हेतोः किं नु महीकृते35

    ētānna hantumichChāmi ghnatō'pi madhusūdanaapi trailōkyarājyasya hētōḥ kiṃ nu mahīkṛtē35
    meaning

    These I do not wish to kill, though myself slain, O Madhusûdana, even for the sake of the kingship of the three worlds; how then for earth?

  • verse 37
    निहत्य धार्तराष्ट्रान्नः का प्रीतिः स्याज्जनार्दनपापमेवाश्रयेदस्मान्हत्वैतानाततायिनः36

    nihatya dhārtarāṣṭrānnaḥ prītiḥ syājjanārdanapāpamēvāśrayēdasmānhatvaitānātatāyinaḥ36
    meaning

    Slaying these sons of Dhritarâshtra, what pleasure can be ours, O Janârdana? Killing these desperadoes, sin will but take hold of us.

  • verse 38
    तस्मान्नार्हा वयं हन्तुं धार्तराष्ट्रान्स्वबान्धवान्स्वजनं हि कथं हत्वा सुखिनः स्याम माधव37

    tasmānnārhā vayaṃ hantuṃ dhārtarāṣṭrānsvabāndhavānsvajanaṃ hi kathaṃ hatvā sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava37
    meaning

    Therefore we should not kill the sons of Dhritarâshtra, our relatives; for how, killing our kinsmen, may we be happy, O Mâdhava?

  • verse 39
    यद्यप्येते पश्यन्ति लोभोपहतचेतसःकुलक्षयकृतं दोषं मित्रद्रोहे पातकम्38

    yadyapyētē na paśyanti lōbhōpahatachētasaḥkulakṣayakṛtaṃ dōṣaṃ mitradrōhē cha pātakam38
    meaning

    Although these, with intelligence overpowered by greed, see no guilt in the destruction of a family, no crime in hostility to friends,

  • verse 40
    कथं ज्ञेयमस्माभिः पापादस्मान्निवर्तितुम्कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं प्रपश्यद्भिर्जनार्दन39

    kathaṃ na jñēyamasmābhiḥ pāpādasmānnivartitumkulakṣayakṛtaṃ dōṣaṃ prapaśyadbhirjanārdana39
    meaning

    Why should not we learn to turn away from such a sin, O Janârdana, who see the evils in the destruction of a family?

  • verse 41
    कुलक्षये प्रणश्यन्ति कुलधर्माः सनातनाःधर्मे नष्टे कुलं कृत्स्नमधर्मोऽभिभवत्युत40

    kulakṣayē praṇaśyanti kuladharmāḥ sanātanāḥdharmē naṣṭē kulaṃ kṛtsnamadharmō'bhibhavatyuta40
    meaning

    In the destruction of a family the immemorialfamily traditions perish; in the perishing of tradition, lawlessness overcomes the whole family;

  • verse 42
    अधर्माभिभवात्कृष्ण प्रदुष्यन्ति कुलस्त्रियःस्त्रीषु दुष्टासु वार्ष्णेय जायते वर्णसङ्करः41

    adharmābhibhavātkṛṣṇa praduṣyanti kulastriyaḥstrīṣu duṣṭāsu vārṣṇēya jāyatē varṇasaṅkaraḥ41
    meaning

    Owing to predominance of lawlessness, O Krishna, the women of the family become corrupt; women corrupted, O Vârshneya, there ariseth caste confusion;

  • verse 43
    सङ्करो नरकायैव कुलघ्नानां कुलस्य पतन्ति पितरो ह्येषां लुप्तपिण्डोदकक्रियाः42

    saṅkarō narakāyaiva kulaghnānāṃ kulasya chapatanti pitarō hyēṣāṃ luptapiṇḍōdakakriyāḥ42
    meaning

    This confusion draggeth to hell the slayers of the family, and the family; for their ancestors fall, deprived of rice-balls and libations.

  • verse 44
    दोषैरेतैः कुलघ्नानां वर्णसङ्करकारकैःउत्साद्यन्ते जातिधर्माः कुलधर्माश्च शाश्वताः43

    dōṣairētaiḥ kulaghnānāṃ varṇasaṅkarakārakaiḥutsādyantē jātidharmāḥ kuladharmāścha śāśvatāḥ43
    meaning

    By these caste-confusing misdeeds of the slayers of the family, the everlasting caste customs and family customs are abolished.

  • verse 45
    उत्सन्नकुलधर्माणां मनुष्याणां जनार्दननरकेऽनियतं वासो भवतीत्यनुशुश्रुम44

    utsannakuladharmāṇāṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ janārdananarakē'niyataṃ vāsō bhavatītyanuśuśruma44
    meaning

    The abode of the men whose family customs are extinguished, O Janârdana, is everlastingly in hell. Thus have we heard.

  • verse 46
    अहो बत महत्पापं कर्तुं व्यवसिता वयम्यद्राज्यसुखलोभेन हन्तुं स्वजनमुद्यताः45

    ahō bata mahatpāpaṃ kartuṃ vyavasitā vayamyadrājyasukhalōbhēna hantuṃ svajanamudyatāḥ45
    meaning

    Alas! in committing a great sin are we engaged, we who are endeavouring to kill our kindred from greed of the pleasures of kingship.

  • verse 47
    यदि मामप्रतीकारमशस्त्रं शस्त्रपाणयःधार्तराष्ट्रा रणे हन्युस्तन्मे क्षेमतरं भवेत्46

    yadi māmapratīkāramaśastraṃ śastrapāṇayaḥdhārtarāṣṭrā raṇē hanyustanmē kṣēmataraṃ bhavēt46
    meaning

    If the sons of Dhritarâshtra, weapon in hand, should slay me, unresisting, unarmed, in the battle, that would for me be the better.

  • verse 48
    सञ्जय उवाचएवमुक्त्वार्जुनः सङ्ख्ये रथोपस्थ उपाविशत्विसृज्य सशरं चापं शोकसंविग्नमानसः47

    sañjaya uvāchaēvamuktvārjunaḥ saṅkhyē rathōpastha upāviśatvisṛjya saśaraṃ chāpaṃ śōkasaṃvignamānasaḥ47
    meaning

    Having thus spoken on the battle-field, Arjuna sank down on the seat of the chariot, casting away his bow and arrow, his mind overborne by grief.

  • verse 49
    तत्सदिति श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतासूपनिषत्सु ब्रह्मविद्यायां योगशास्त्रेश्रीकृष्णार्जुनसंवादे अर्जुनविषादयोगो नाम प्रथमोऽध्यायः1

    ōṃ tatsaditi śrīmadbhagavadgītāsūpaniṣatsu brahmavidyāyāṃ yōgaśāstrēśrīkṛṣṇārjunasaṃvādē arjunaviṣādayōgō nāma prathamō'dhyāyaḥ1
    meaning

    [Colophon] Thus ends the first chapter, named Arjunaviṣādayōga, in the Upaniṣad-yoga-śāstra of the Śrīmad Bhagavad Gītā, the conversation between Śrī Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna.

Primary text from vignanam.org