Gita Govindam Chapter 4
Krishna
tap any word for its meaning
- verse 1॥ चतुर्थः सर्गः ॥॥ स्निग्धमधुसूदनः ॥॥ chaturthaḥ sargaḥ ॥॥ snigdhamadhusūdanaḥ ॥meaning
Section heading: The Fourth Canto — 'Snigdha Madhusudana' (The affectionate Madhusudana, Krishna gentle with tender love).
word by wordचतुर्थCaturthaFourthसर्गSargaCreation - verse 2यमुनातीरवानीरनिकुञ्जे मन्दमास्थितम् ।प्राह प्रेमभरोद्भ्रान्तं माधवं राधिकासखी ॥ 25 ॥yamunātīravānīranikuñjē mandamāsthitam ।prāha prēmabharōdbhrāntaṃ mādhavaṃ rādhikāsakhī ॥ 25 ॥meaning
On the banks of the Yamuna, in a grove of reeds, a sakhi spoke to Madhava who was languid with love.
word by wordमाधवंMaadhavamWho is also known as Madhava meaning "Lord of Fortune", "Slayer of demon Madhu" and also "Consort of Mahalakshmi"प्रहाPrahaaTo Abandon, To Leave - verse 3॥ गीतं 8 ॥॥ gītaṃ 8 ॥meaning
Song heading: Song number 8.
word by wordगीतंGiitamSong, Singing · Singing, Song · Sung - verse 4निन्दति चन्दनमिन्दुकिरणमनु विन्दति खेदमधीरम् ।व्यालनिलयमिलनेन गरलमिव कलयति मलयसमीरम् ॥सा विरहे तव दीना माधव मनसिजविशिखभयादिव भावनया त्वयि लीना ॥ 1 ॥nindati chandanamindukiraṇamanu vindati khēdamadhīram ।vyālanilayamilanēna garalamiva kalayati malayasamīram ॥sā virahē tava dīnā mādhava manasijaviśikhabhayādiva bhāvanayā tvayi līnā ॥ 1 ॥meaning
She scorns sandalwood and moonbeams and suffers feverishly in distress; she regards the southern breeze mingling with camphor groves as poison in her separation from you.
word by wordविन्दतिVindati[The Devotee] Obtains [Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha]साSaaSheतवTavaYour · You · Of YouमाधवंMaadhavamWho is also known as Madhava meaning "Lord of Fortune", "Slayer of demon Madhu" and also "Consort of Mahalakshmi"त्वयिTvayiIn YouविरहVirahaLack, WantदीनDiinaDepressed, AfflictedमाधवMaadhavaMadhavaभावनBhaavanaCausing to be, Effecting, Producing, ManifestingलीनLiinaEngrossed in - verse 5अविरलनिपतितमदनशरादिव भवदवनाय विशालम् ।स्वहृदयर्मणी वर्म करोति सजलनलिनीदलजालम् ॥ 2 ॥aviralanipatitamadanaśarādiva bhavadavanāya viśālam ।svahṛdayarmaṇī varma karōti sajalanalinīdalajālam ॥ 2 ॥meaning
Her vast heart becomes armor protecting her from the arrows of Manmatha that fall thickly, like a basket of moist lotus petals.
word by wordवर्मVarmaDefensive ArmourकरोतिKaroti(All the Righteous Deeds that the Virtuous ones) do (everyday with great care is always done by Your Blessings) · Does · Make · (The Devotee) doesविशालVishaalaBroad, Wide, Large - verse 6कुसुमविशिखशरतल्पमनल्पविलासकलाकमनीयम् ।व्रतमिव तव परिरम्भसुखाय करोति कुसुमशयनीयम् ॥ 3 ॥kusumaviśikhaśaratalpamanalpavilāsakalākamanīyam ।vratamiva tava parirambhasukhāya karōti kusumaśayanīyam ॥ 3 ॥meaning
She prepares a bed of flowers, lovely with the arts of amorous play, as if it were a vow for the joy of your embrace.
word by wordतवTavaYour · You · Of YouकरोतिKaroti(All the Righteous Deeds that the Virtuous ones) do (everyday with great care is always done by Your Blessings) · Does · Make · (The Devotee) does - verse 7वहति च गलितविलोचनजलभरमाननकमलमुदारम् ।विधुमिव विकटविधुन्तुददन्तदलनगलितामृतधारम् ॥ 4 ॥vahati cha galitavilōchanajalabharamānanakamalamudāram ।vidhumiva vikaṭavidhuntudadantadalanagalitāmṛtadhāram ॥ 4 ॥meaning
Her lotus face streams with tears from flowing eyes, like the moon dripping with nectar when its rim is bitten by Rahu.
word by wordवहतिVahati(As also the Gentle Breeze) blowing (in this Early Morning) · BlowingचCaAnd, sometimes used only for emphasis or gap-filling · for emphasis · And, sometimes used for emphasis · And · And, Also, Sometimes for emphasis or gap-fillings · Indeed · And, Also, sometimes for emphasis or gap-filling · And, Also · For emphasis or gap-filling · And, Also, For emphasis · And, Also, sometimes for emphasis · Also · And, Also, Moreover · And, for emphasis · And, Also, sometimes for emphasis or gap-flilling · Moreover, Also · And, sometimes for emphasis or gap-filling · And, As Well as · Gap-filling or emphasis · And, for gap-filling · And, Also, sometimes for gap-filling · And, sometimes for emphasis · And, sometimes used for filling gaps - verse 8विलिखति रहसि कुरङ्गमदेन भवन्तमसमशरभूतम् ।प्रणमति मकरमधो विनिधाय करे च शरं नवचूतम् ॥ 5 ॥vilikhati rahasi kuraṅgamadēna bhavantamasamaśarabhūtam ।praṇamati makaramadhō vinidhāya karē cha śaraṃ navachūtam ॥ 5 ॥meaning
In secret she draws you with deer-musk as the matchless archer-god, prostrating before Manmatha and placing a new mango blossom as his arrow.
word by wordप्रणमतिPrannamati[He who] reverentiallt bow downकरेKareOn the Hand · Whose Hand [shows the Gyana Mudra]चCaAnd, sometimes used only for emphasis or gap-filling · for emphasis · And, sometimes used for emphasis · And · And, Also, Sometimes for emphasis or gap-fillings · Indeed · And, Also, sometimes for emphasis or gap-filling · And, Also · For emphasis or gap-filling · And, Also, For emphasis · And, Also, sometimes for emphasis · Also · And, Also, Moreover · And, for emphasis · And, Also, sometimes for emphasis or gap-flilling · Moreover, Also · And, sometimes for emphasis or gap-filling · And, As Well as · Gap-filling or emphasis · And, for gap-filling · And, Also, sometimes for gap-filling · And, sometimes for emphasis · And, sometimes used for filling gapsशरSharaA particular variety of grass on which Subramanya was bornसारम्SaaramEssence, Substance - verse 9प्रतिपदमिदमपि निगतति माधव तव चरणे पतिताहम् ।त्वयि विमुखे मयि सपदि सुधानिधिरपि तनुते तनुदाहम् ॥ 6 ॥pratipadamidamapi nigatati mādhava tava charaṇē patitāham ।tvayi vimukhē mayi sapadi sudhānidhirapi tanutē tanudāham ॥ 6 ॥meaning
She repeats again and again at every step: 'Madhava, I have fallen at your feet; when you turn away from me, even the nectar-ocean brings me only burning.'
word by wordमाधवंMaadhavamWho is also known as Madhava meaning "Lord of Fortune", "Slayer of demon Madhu" and also "Consort of Mahalakshmi"तवTavaYour · You · Of Youत्वयिTvayiIn YouमयिMayiIn me · [O Devi, Please shower Your Grace] on me · One meतनुतेTanutePlease extend [Your Grace on me]माधवMaadhavaMadhavaचरणCarannaFootविमुखVimukhaTurning away from - verse 10ध्यानलयेन पुरः परिकल्प्य भवन्तमतीव दुरापम् ।विलपति हसति विषीदति रोदिति चञ्चति मुञ्चति तापम् ॥ 7 ॥dhyānalayēna puraḥ parikalpya bhavantamatīva durāpam ।vilapati hasati viṣīdati rōditi chañchati muñchati tāpam ॥ 7 ॥meaning
Imagining you vividly before her in deep meditation, yet finding you utterly unattainable, she laments, laughs, despairs, weeps, trembles, and releases her anguish.
word by wordपुरPuraa Fortress, Castle, City, House, TripurasuraतापंTaapamHeat, Sorrow, Affliction - verse 11श्रीजयदेवभणितमिदमधिकं यदि मनसा नटनीयम् ।हरिविरहाकुलबल्लवयुवतिसखीवचनं पठनीयम् ॥ 8 ॥śrījayadēvabhaṇitamidamadhikaṃ yadi manasā naṭanīyam ।harivirahākulaballavayuvatisakhīvachanaṃ paṭhanīyam ॥ 8 ॥meaning
Phalashruti: If this song of Jayadeva, telling of the speech of the cowherd girls distressed by separation from Hari, is dear to the mind and worth dancing to, it should be recited.
word by wordयदिYadiIfमनसाManasaain my Mind · With Mind - verse 12आवासो विपिनायते प्रियसखीमालापि जालायते तापोऽपि श्वसितेन दावदहनज्वालाकलापायते ।सापि त्वद्विरहेण हन्त हरिणीरूपायते हा कथं कन्दर्पोऽपि यमायते विरचयञ्शार्दूलविक्रीडितम् ॥ 26 ॥āvāsō vipināyatē priyasakhīmālāpi jālāyatē tāpō'pi śvasitēna dāvadahanajvālākalāpāyatē ।sāpi tvadvirahēṇa hanta hariṇīrūpāyatē hā kathaṃ kandarpō'pi yamāyatē virachayañśārdūlavikrīḍitam ॥ 26 ॥meaning
The grove becomes a wilderness, the garland of beloved friends becomes a snare; the heat of her breath becomes a blaze like a forest fire; she herself becomes like a doe—such is Radha in separation from you.
word by wordहाHaaSignifying killingकथम्KathamHow? - verse 13॥ गीतं 9 ॥॥ gītaṃ 9 ॥meaning
Song heading: Song number 9.
word by wordगीतंGiitamSong, Singing · Singing, Song · Sung - verse 14स्तनविनिहितमपि हारमुदारम् ।सा मनुते कृशतनुरतिभारम् ॥राधिका विरहे तव केशव ॥ 1 ॥stanavinihitamapi hāramudāram ।sā manutē kṛśatanuratibhāram ॥rādhikā virahē tava kēśava ॥ 1 ॥meaning
The beautiful pearl garland placed against her breast she regards as a heavy burden—O Keshava, such is Radhika in separation from you.
word by wordसाSaaSheराधिकाRaadhikaaSri RadhaतवTavaYour · You · Of YouकेशवKeshavaKeshavaविरहVirahaLack, Want - verse 15सरसमसृणमपि मलयजपङ्कम् ।पश्यति विषमिव वपुषि सशङ्कम् ॥ 2 ॥sarasamasṛṇamapi malayajapaṅkam ।paśyati viṣamiva vapuṣi saśaṅkam ॥ 2 ॥meaning
She looks with suspicion at the smooth sandalwood paste applied pleasantly to her body as if it were poison.
word by wordपश्यतिPashyatiTo See - verse 16श्वसितपवनमनुपमपरिणाहम् ।मदनदहनमिव वहति सदाहम् ॥ 3 ॥śvasitapavanamanupamapariṇāham ।madanadahanamiva vahati sadāham ॥ 3 ॥meaning
The breath that was once incomparably wide she now bears as if it were a fire set by the god of love, always burning.
word by wordवहतिVahati(As also the Gentle Breeze) blowing (in this Early Morning) · BlowingसदाहंSada-AhamI always - verse 17दिशि दिशि किरति सजलकणजालम् ।नयननलिनमिव विगलितनालम् ॥ 4 ॥diśi diśi kirati sajalakaṇajālam ।nayananalinamiva vigalitanālam ॥ 4 ॥meaning
Her lotus-eye streams in every direction, its stalk dissolving, like a water-lily whose stem has broken.
word by wordदिशिDishi[In the Eastern] Direction - verse 18नयनविषयमपि किसलयतल्पम् ।कलयति विहितहुताशविकल्पम् ॥ 5 ॥nayanaviṣayamapi kisalayatalpam ।kalayati vihitahutāśavikalpam ॥ 5 ॥meaning
Even a bed of fresh sprouts visible to the eye she regards as a prepared fire-offering.
- verse 19त्यजति न पाणितलेन कपोलम् ।बालशशिनमिव सायमलोलम् ॥ 6 ॥tyajati na pāṇitalēna kapōlam ।bālaśaśinamiva sāyamalōlam ॥ 6 ॥meaning
She does not remove her palm from her cheek, like the young moon held motionless in the evening.
word by wordनNaNot · Us, Our · [There are] no [Mantras or Medicine available, even a trace which can accomplish Uccatana etc.] · Us, of us, to us · The letter Nna · Not, Us · Not, No, Nor, NeitherकपोलKapolaCheek - verse 20हरिरिति हरिरिति जपति सकामम् ।विरहविहितमरणेन निकामम् ॥ 7 ॥haririti haririti japati sakāmam ।virahavihitamaraṇēna nikāmam ॥ 7 ॥meaning
She chants 'Hari, Hari' with longing, as if dying of the disease of separation, fully and without reservation.
word by wordजपतिJapati[He who after unpinning the Keelaka makes Her manifest and then] recites [the Chandi by constantly dwelling on Her Conscious Form] · Recites · To Recite, Repeat - verse 21श्रीजयदेवभणितमिति गीतम् ।सुखयतु केशवपदमुपुनीतम् ॥ 8 ॥śrījayadēvabhaṇitamiti gītam ।sukhayatu kēśavapadamupunītam ॥ 8 ॥meaning
Phalashruti: May this song composed by Jayadeva, purified by the feet of Keshava, bring joy.
word by wordगीतंGiitamSong, Singing · Singing, Song · Sung - verse 22सा रोमाञ्चति सीत्करोति विलपत्युत्क्म्पते ताम्यति ध्यायत्युद्भ्रमति प्रमीलति पतत्युद्याति मूर्च्छत्यपि ।एतावत्यतनुज्वरे वरतनुर्जीवेन्न किं ते रसात् स्वर्वैद्यप्रतिम प्रसीदसि यदि त्यक्तोऽन्यथा नान्तकः ॥ 27 ॥sā rōmāñchati sītkarōti vilapatyutkmpatē tāmyati dhyāyatyudbhramati pramīlati patatyudyāti mūrchChatyapi ।ētāvatyatanujvarē varatanurjīvēnna kiṃ tē rasāt svarvaidyapratima prasīdasi yadi tyaktō'nyathā nāntakaḥ ॥ 27 ॥meaning
She quivers, sighs, laments, trembles, is stunned, meditates, whirls, slumbers, falls, rises, swoons—such is her fever of love in the absence of the fleshless one.
word by wordसाSaaSheतेTeto You · That · of You · Your · To You, of You · You · They · HeयदिYadiIfकिम्KimWhatरसRasaJuice, Nectar, Syrup - verse 23स्मरातुरां दैवतवैद्यहृद्य त्वदङ्गसङ्गामृतमात्रसाध्याम् ।विमुक्तबाधां कुरुषे न राधा-मुपेन्द्र वज्रादपि दारुणोऽसि ॥ 28 ॥smarāturāṃ daivatavaidyahṛdya tvadaṅgasaṅgāmṛtamātrasādhyām ।vimuktabādhāṃ kuruṣē na rādhā-mupēndra vajrādapi dāruṇō'si ॥ 28 ॥meaning
Radha, tormented by love's fever, can only be cured by the nectar of union with your limbs, O physician-god; yet you do not free her from her affliction—you, Upendra, are harder even than a thunderbolt.
word by wordनNaNot · Us, Our · [There are] no [Mantras or Medicine available, even a trace which can accomplish Uccatana etc.] · Us, of us, to us · The letter Nna · Not, Us · Not, No, Nor, Neither - verse 24कन्दर्पज्वरसञ्ज्वरस्तुरतनोराश्चर्यमस्याश्चिरं चेतश्चन्दनचन्द्रमःकमलिनीचिन्तासु सन्ताम्यति ।किन्तु क्लान्तिवशेन शीतलतनुं त्वामेकमेव प्रियं ध्यायन्ती रहसि स्थिता कथमपि क्षीणा क्षणं प्राणिति ॥ 29 ॥kandarpajvarasañjvarasturatanōrāścharyamasyāśchiraṃ chētaśchandanachandramaḥkamalinīchintāsu santāmyati ।kintu klāntivaśēna śītalatanuṃ tvāmēkamēva priyaṃ dhyāyantī rahasi sthitā kathamapi kṣīṇā kṣaṇaṃ prāṇiti ॥ 29 ॥meaning
The fire of love-fever blazes unceasingly in her slender body; it is a wonder that her mind, though trying to find coolness in thoughts of sandalwood, moonlight, and lotuses, is still scorched.
word by wordप्रियंPriyamDearस्थिताSthitaaYou Abide · Abiding asक्षणंKssannam(And the rising Sun is making them glitter for a) momentध्यायन्तिDhyaayanti[Yogis] Mediate · Meditatingस्थितSthitaAbiding, Situated inक्षीणKssiinnaWeak - verse 25क्षणमपि विरहः पुरा न सेहे नयननिमीलनखिन्नया यया ते ।श्वसिति कथमसौ रसालशाखां चिरविरहेण विलोक्य पुष्पिताग्राम् ॥ 30 ॥kṣaṇamapi virahaḥ purā na sēhē nayananimīlanakhinnayā yayā tē ।śvasiti kathamasau rasālaśākhāṃ chiravirahēṇa vilōkya puṣpitāgrām ॥ 30 ॥meaning
She who could not endure even a moment of separation from you, who was wearied even by closing her eyes—how is she now breathing, seeing this mango branch in flower after this long separation?
word by wordविरहVirahaLack, WantपुराPuraaIn former times · Before, FormerlyनNaNot · Us, Our · [There are] no [Mantras or Medicine available, even a trace which can accomplish Uccatana etc.] · Us, of us, to us · The letter Nna · Not, Us · Not, No, Nor, NeitherययाYayaaBy Her · By Whose (Power is pervaded this Universe) · By Which, By Whom · by which (Adhokshaja is Please)तेTeto You · That · of You · Your · To You, of You · You · They · Heविलोक्यVilokyaSeeing, Beholding · (It is very surprising how) looking (at that Face it was suddenly struck by Mahishasura) · SeeingपुरPuraa Fortress, Castle, City, House, Tripurasura - verse 26॥ इति गीतगोविन्दे स्निग्धमाधवो नाम चतुर्थः सर्गः ॥॥ iti gītagōvindē snigdhamādhavō nāma chaturthaḥ sargaḥ ॥meaning
Colophon: Thus ends the fourth canto named 'Snigdha Madhava' in the Gita Govinda.
word by wordइतिItiRefers to something that precedesनामNaamaNameचतुर्थCaturthaFourthसर्गSargaCreation
Primary text from vignanam.org